As a high-precision measurement tool, the core principle of interferometer sensors is based on the interference effect of light. By analyzing the changes in interference fringes generated by the superposition of light waves, the microscopic information of the measured object is obtained, showing irreplaceable technical advantages in many fields.
In industrial manufacturing, interferometer sensors are often used for precision machining and quality inspection, such as measuring the surface roughness, flatness and micro deformation of parts, ensuring that the machining accuracy of precision machine tools, optical components and other products reaches the micron or even nanometer level, and improving the reliability of high-end equipment manufacturing.
In the field of scientific research, large laser interferometer sensors are the core equipment for gravitational wave detection. By monitoring the space-time distortion caused by gravitational waves, they provide a revolutionary observation method for cosmic astrophysics research; at the same time, quantum interferometer sensors are used in low-temperature physics experiments to measure the phase changes of superconducting materials or quantum bits, promoting the development of basic physics research.
In terms of medical applications, optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology uses the principle of low-coherence light interference to achieve high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of biological tissues such as retina and blood vessels, significantly improving the early diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases and skin cancer. In geological exploration, the fiber optic interferometer network can sense subtle changes in crustal stress in real time, providing key data support for earthquake early warning and oil and gas resource exploration.
In addition, in the field of aerospace, interferometer sensors are integrated into aircraft structural health monitoring systems, which effectively prevent structural fatigue damage by detecting the stress distribution and vibration characteristics of components such as wings and engines. With the integrated development of fiber optic technology, nano-processing and artificial intelligence, new interferometers are gradually being applied to cutting-edge fields such as environmental monitoring and quantum communication. Their measurement accuracy and application breadth continue to expand, becoming an important pillar of the modern precision measurement technology system.
